托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題:最能摸清你閱讀基礎(chǔ)的一類題
在托福閱讀中有一種題型,出現(xiàn)頻率高,難度卻并不大,但非常考察閱讀基本功,甚至?xí)蔀橥懈i喿x高分的攔路虎,這就是我們的事實(shí)信息題,又叫細(xì)節(jié)題。下面我們來了解一下如何通過細(xì)節(jié)題來摸清自己的閱讀基礎(chǔ)。
先給大家普及一下細(xì)節(jié)題的解題步驟:
1. 讀題干,找出題干中的關(guān)鍵信息(就是題干提問的關(guān)鍵詞)
2. 到文章中尋找關(guān)鍵信息對應(yīng)的句子
3. 選擇一個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息對應(yīng)句子的同義改寫選項(xiàng)
我們來看一道例題:
T17-1 Europe's Early Sea Trade with Asia
Paragraph 3: ……Even if they hugged theAfrican coastline, they had little chance of surviving a crossing of the IndianOcean Shortly after 1400. Shipbuilders began developing a new type of vesselproperly designed to operate in rough, open water: the caravel. It had a widerand deeper hull than the galley and hence could carry more cargo: increasedstability made it possible to add multiple masts and sails. In the largestcaravels, two main masts held large square sails that provided the bulk of thethrust driving the ship forward, while a smaller forward mast held atriangular-shaped sail, called a lateen sail, which could be moved into avariety of positions to maneuver the ship.
8. According to paragraph 3, what did thelateen sail contribute to the caravel as a sailing ship?
○It provided stability for the front partof the ship.
○It made it possible for the hull to bewider and deeper.
○It added considerably to the speed of thewind-driven ship.
○It improved the capacity of the ship to beguided.
這道題題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是lateen sail. 帶著它回文中找到相關(guān)信息:while a smaller forward mast held a triangular-shaped sail, called alateen sail, which could be moved into a variety of positions to maneuver the ship.這個(gè)句子比較長而且還出現(xiàn)了定語從句,開頭還有一個(gè)托福閱讀?嫉脑~while,并不是一下子就可以順譯出來的,如果考托er們讀不懂這個(gè)句子,大概會(huì)有如下兩種情況:
第一種,如果TOEFLer們在這個(gè)句子中發(fā)現(xiàn)百分之五十以上的單詞都不認(rèn)識(shí),那么同學(xué)們得趕緊回去背誦高中詞匯,后期的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃就應(yīng)該著重在大量時(shí)間花在單詞背誦計(jì)劃的制定上:高中詞匯結(jié)束后再緊跟著背誦四級(jí)和托福詞匯。而且TOEFLer再做題目的時(shí)候就不能一味地想要學(xué)習(xí)解題技巧,而應(yīng)該著重基礎(chǔ)的提升,無論是單詞還是長難句。英文閱讀和中文閱讀一樣,沒有單詞量的閱讀就好像文盲讀報(bào)紙,只能靠腦洞。
第二種,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)單詞基本沒問題,但是連which這個(gè)從句都不知道起什么作用,那么句法部分應(yīng)該還有很大欠缺,尤其是從句部分知識(shí)。這種情況經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在大學(xué)生群體中,他們的單詞量經(jīng)過四六級(jí)的洗禮已經(jīng)比較拿的出手了,但是對于句法反倒沒有高中生掌握的好,甚至遺忘比較嚴(yán)重,以至于讀句子的時(shí)候多是把單詞的意思往一起拼湊。這種學(xué)生通常會(huì)在做題時(shí)在迷惑性選項(xiàng)中一再栽跟頭,因?yàn)闊o論原文還是選項(xiàng)他都是讀得似懂非懂,就無法保證做題的正確率了。
綜上所述,細(xì)節(jié)題是一種看起來簡單實(shí)際上很考察閱讀基本功的題型,通過一道細(xì)節(jié)題就可以考察出自己的問題在哪里,以及以后學(xué)習(xí)中需要加以注意的地方。各位TOEFLer平時(shí)在做題的時(shí)候也要多加以總結(jié)和思考哦。
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